DOI: https://doi.org/10.55373/mjchem.v28i3.48

Keywords: Nano particles, Solar PV cells, energy efficiency, temperature, performance enhancement

Abstract

The growing global demand for sustainable energy has intensified research efforts to improve the Efficiency (Eff) and stability of solar Photo-Voltaic (PV) technologies. Among the various strategies explored, nanoparticle engineering has emerged as a promising approach to enhance light absorption, charge transport, and overall device performance in PV cells. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in nanoparticle-integrated solar PV systems, focusing on their role in improving the optical, electrical, and thermal characteristics of PV devices. The current study investigates the impact of nanoparticles on PV performance enhancement, highlighting their mechanisms for ’Eff’ enhancement and reduced energy losses. Furthermore, this review discusses different integration techniques and evaluates their impact on key PV performance parameters, such as power conversion efficiency, short-circuit current density, and fill factor. Additionally, this study addresses critical challenges related to nanoparticle stability, large-scale fabrication, toxicity, and long-term device reliability. Finally, future research directions are outlined for next-generation High-’Eff’ solar PV systems. This review provides a consolidated framework for understanding the potential of nanoparticle engineering in PV technology and highlights pathways toward the development of cost-effective and high-performance solar energy systems.