DOI: https://doi.org/10.55373/mjchem.v28i2.391

Keywords: Crushed glass, mechanical properties, recycled plastic, sustainable bricks, waste utilization

Abstract

With growing concern over environmental degradation and the depletion of natural resources, the integration of waste-derived materials into construction has gained significant attention. Among the most problematic yet reusable waste types are recycled plastic and crushed glass, both of which pose long-term environmental challenges if left unmanaged. This mini-review explores their potential application in the development of sustainable bricks, using sand as a base aggregate. Recycled plastic improves thermal insulation and reduces water absorption due to its hydrophobic nature, while crushed glass contributes to enhanced compressive strength and structural integrity. When used in optimized proportions, such as 10% plastic or 20% crushed glass, these materials have been shown to produce bricks that meet or exceed conventional performance benchmarks. This review synthesizes findings from recent experimental studies, focusing on mechanical properties, thermal resistance, and environmental benefits. The incorporation of these materials also supports circular economy goals by reducing landfill waste and decreasing reliance on virgin sand and clay resources. The findings demonstrate a promising pathway toward more sustainable, durable, and efficient construction materials. Current research gaps and future directions are also discussed to guide further innovation in eco-friendly brick production.