DOI: https://doi.org/10.55373/mjchem.v26i1.88

Keywords: Baeckea frutescens; Harvesting time; Drying temperature; HPLC analysis

Abstract

Known for its therapeutic properties, Baeckea frutescens (Myrtaceae) or locally known as cucur atap is commonly used in traditional medicine for its antibacterial, antidysentery, antipyretic and diuretic properties. With increased acceptance of nature-derived products, the quality, efficacy and safety become a crucial issue that need to be ensured. Plant sample quality is determined by raw material and the specifications throughout the development and manufacturing process. In this study, we aimed to investigate the harvesting time and optimal drying temperature for B. frutescens by employing HPLC analysis to quantify the biomarker, 6-methyl quercetin and the major compound myricitrin. Additionally, we evaluated the activity of B. frutescens on xanthine oxidase inhibitory assay to ensure the quality of the raw material. The concentrations of specific biomarker, 6-methyl quercetin and also myricitrin were quantified in the samples processed at different drying temperatures and harvesting time. The results revealed significant variations in the concentrations of the biomarker in relation to the harvesting time and drying temperature. The highest percentage of 6-methyl quercetin (0.14%) was observed at the optimum drying temperature of 60°C. For optimal harvesting time, the results suggest that the optimal harvest period for obtaining higher levels of 6-methyl quercetin is at 6 months with 0.09%, however considering the biomass of the raw material, the appropriate time to harvest is suggested between 12 to 18 months. The results of this study provide valuable information on the harvesting and drying practices of B. frutescens, enabling the production of high-quality raw materials with consistent levels of 6-methyl quercetin and myricitrin.