DOI: https://doi.org/10.55373/mjchem.v25i4.13

Keywords: Rhizophora apiculata; mangrove vinegar; volatile component analysis; antioxidant

Abstract

The chemical constituents, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content of mangrove (Rhizophora apiculata) vinegar were identified and evaluated. Eleven compounds representing 79.56 % of the n-hexane extract of mangrove vinegar (MV) were determined using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. From these analyses, the major constituents were identified as 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (28.80 %), guaiacol (18.14 %), p-cresol (7.82 %) and 1,2,4-trimethoxybenzene (7.00 %). In addition, phytochemical screening of the MV extract indicated the presence of several active glycosides, saponins, coumarins, and flavonoids. However, steroids, tannins, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides were absent in the extract. The total phenolic content (162.07 ± 5.55 GAE/g) of the MV extract was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, while its antioxidant activity was evaluated using ferric reducing antioxidant power assays (FRAP) and compared with the ascorbic acid standard curve.